Adherence to adjuvant with therapy imatinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a national multi-center cross-sectional study / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the current adherence to imatinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in China and its influencing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Study period: from October 1, 2020 to November 31, 2020. Study subjects: GIST patients taking imatinib who were diagnosed and treated in public tertiary level A general hospitals or oncology hospitals; those who had not been pathologically diagnosed, those who never received imatinib, or those who had taken imatinib in the past but stopped afterwards were excluded. The Questionnaire Star online surgery platform was used to design a questionnaire about the adherence to adjuvant imatinib therapy of Chinese GIST patients. The link of questionnaire was sent through WeChat. The questionnaire contained basic information of patients, medication status and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Results: A total of 2162 questionnaires from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities were collected, of which 2005 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 92.7%. The survey subjects included 1104 males and 901 females, with a median age of 56 (22-91) years old. Working status: 609 cases (30.4%) in the work unit, 729 cases (36.4%) of retirement, 667 cases of flexible employment or unemployment (33.3%). Education level: 477 cases (23.8%) with bachelor degree or above, 658 cases (32.8%) of high school, 782 cases (39.0%) of elementary or junior high school, 88 cases (4.4%) without education. Marital status: 1789 cases (89.2%) were married, 179 cases (8.9%) divorced or widowed, 37 cases (1.8%) unmarried. Two hundred and ninety-four patients (14.7%) had metastasis when they were first diagnosed, including 203 liver metastases, 52 peritoneal metastases, and 39 other metastases. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine patients underwent surgical treatment, of whom 1642 (81.9%) achieved complete resection. The median time of taking imatinib was 25 (1-200) months. Common adverse reactions of imatinib included 1701 cases (84.8%) of periorbital edema, 1031 cases (51.4%) of leukopenia, 948 cases (47.3%) of fatigue, 781 cases (39.0%) of nausea and vomiting, 709 cases (35.4%) of rash, and 670 cases (33.4%) of lower extremity edema. The score of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale showed that 392 cases (19.6%) had poor adherence, 1023 cases (51.0%) had moderate adherence, and 590 cases (29.4%) had good adherence. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age, work status, economic income, residence, education level, marriage, the duration of taking medication and adverse reactions were associated with adherence to adjuvant imatinib therapy (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that female (OR=1.264, P=0.009), non-retirement (OR=1.454, P=0.001), monthly income ≤4000 yuan (OR=1.280, P=0.036), township residents (OR=1.332, P=0.005), unmarried or divorced or widowed (OR=1.362, P=0.026), the duration of imatinib medication >36 months (OR=1.478, P<0.001) and adverse reactions (OR=1.719, P=0.048) were independent risk factors for poor adherence to adjuvant imatinib. Among patients undergoing complete resection, 324 (19.7%) had poor adherence, 836 (50.9%) had moderate adherence, and 482 (29.4%) had good adherence. Meanwhile, 55 patients with good adherence (11.4%) developed recurrence after surgery, 121 patients with moderate adherence (14.5%) developed recurrence, 61 patients with poor adherence (18.8%) developed recurrence, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.017). Conclusions: The adherence to adjuvant therapy with imatinib in Chinese GIST patients is relatively poor. Females, non-retirement, monthly income ≤4000 yuan, township residents, unmarried or divorced or widowed, the duration of imatinib medication >36 months, and adverse reactions are independently associated with poor adherence of GIST patients. Those with poor adherence have a higher risk of recurrence after surgery. Positive interventions based on the above risk factors are advocated to improve the prognosis of patients with GIST.

Deafness Gene Mutations in Ningbo: 1781 Newborns Study / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To analyze the mutation types and frequency of deafness genes in Ningbo newborns. Methods:From January to September, 2019, 1781 newborns in Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital accepted deafness gene screening, including 22 mutations of four common deafness genes. Results:There were 104 newborns who were found deafness gene mutation (5.84%), 59 boys and 45 girls. Mutation rate was 3. 31% (59/1781) for GJB2, 0.56% (10/1781) for GJB3, 0.39% (7/1781) for mtDNA, and 1.57% (28/1781) for SLC26A4. Conclusion:The mutation rate of deafness gene in newborns in Ningbo is higher than the China average level, especially the rate of GJB2. It is necessary to screen newborn deafness gene earlier.

Correlation between referred pain distribution and acupoint sensitization in patients with intestinal diseases / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the correlation between referred pain distribution and acupoint sensitization in patients with intestinal diseases.@*METHODS@#In clinical research, 443 patients from 8 hospitals were recruited, including the outpatients and inpatients of Crohn's disease (=143), ulcerative colitis (=108), chronic appendicitis (=87) and other intestinal diseases (=105). The site with tenderness on the body surface and the morphological changes of local skin were observed and recorded in the patients. Using a sensory tenderness instrument, the pain threshold at the sensitization point was measured in 60 patients with ulcerative colitis. In animal experiment, SD rats were used and divided into a enteritis group (=8), in which the enteritis model were established, and a control group (=3), in which no any intervention was given. After the injection of Evans blue (EB) at caudal vein, the blue exudation points on the body surface were observed and the distribution rule was analyzed statistically.@*RESULTS@#The referred pain on the body surface in the patients with intestinal diseases was mainly located in the lower abdomen (93.9%, 416/443), the lumbar region (70.9%, 314/443) and the lower legs (33.0%, 146/443). The diameter of tenderness region was 1.5 to 2.5 cm. Compared with the region without sensitization, the pain threshold of the sensitization point in the patients with ulcerative colitis was reduced significantly (<0.001). The referred pain on the body surface in the patients with appendicitis was located in the right lower abdomen (97.7%, 85/87), the waist and back (54.0%, 47/87) and the right lower limbs on the medial side (71.3%, 62/87). The tenderness region was 1 to 2 cm in diameter and was irregular in form. After modeling of enteritis in the rats, the EB exudation points were visible from T to L.@*CONCLUSION@#Intestinal diseases induce referred pain on the body surface where is the same as or adjacent to the location of the spinal segment corresponding to the affected intestinal section. These sensitization regions are related to the locations of acupoints.

Feasibility Analysis of Removal of Alkaloids from Processing Wastewater of Aconiti Radix by Flocculation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the removal effect of 5 kinds of common flocculants on 6 kinds of toxic alkaloids in processing wastewater of Aconiti Radix. Method: HPLC was employed to determine contents of 6 kinds of alkaloids in the processing wastewater of Aconiti Radix before and after flocculation.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran(25:15)-0.1 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate solution(each 1 L contains 0.5 mL of glacial acetic acid) for gradient elution, volume flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, detection wavelength was 235 nm.The removal characteristics and effects of five common flocculants of ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate, polymeric ferric sulfate, polyaluminum chloride/polyacrylamide(PAC/PAM) and sodium polyacrylate were compared and preliminarily optimized. Result: The 5 kinds of flocculants had certain selectivity for different types of alkaloids, and the removal of 6 kinds of alkaloids showed obvious differences.Among them, the PAC/PAM attenuated relative superiority, when the pH 6, adding amount of 0.25 g·L-1 and PAC-PAM dosing ratio of 30:1, comprehensive removal effect was relatively good, removal rates of mesaconitine and hypaconitine was 85.4%and 58.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The flocculation method can be used as a pretreatment process to reduce the toxicity of processing wastewater of Aconiti Radix.

Application of reverse dermal revascularization combined with vacuum sealing drainage in the large area of skin avulsion of the lower extremities / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the clinical effect of emergency subcutaneous vascular network reverse skin replantation combined with vacuum sealing after drainage of large area skin avulsion injury.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 30 patients with extensive skin avulsion of the lower limb treated between July 2010 and March 2018 were collected. There were 20 males and 10 females, ranging in age from 16 to 67 years old, with an average of(48±13) years old. Cause of injury: 19 cases of car accident injury, 11 cases of crush injury. The surgery time was 3 to 10 h, with an average of (5±1) h. All cases were completely debrided in stage I. The subdermal vascular network was reversed and skin grafted with multiple incision drainage combined with negative pressure closed drainage technique for 7 to 10 days. The wounds were removed by VSD observation:if the necrotic area is large, debridement is required. After the granulation growth of the wound is satisfactory, the skin grafting is performed again after electrification; the small area of necrotic skin strengthens the dressing and heals.@*RESULTS@#30 patients were followed up for 7 to 48 months, with an average of (20±11) months.No infection in 1 case appeared, 30 patients, living area more than 85% of the wound after treatment survival in the stage I; The skin necrosis ranged from about 12% in 5 patients in the stage II. The second stage was healed after redebriding free skin grafts. The other patients were healed after the dressing, capillary meshwork layer of skin color, good elasticity, feeling, wearable pressure, each joint activities is good, no obvious skin adhesion cause physical activity is limited.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Reverse skin grafting combined with VSD for the treatment of large skin avulsion of lower limb can greatly reduce wound infection rate, promote the application of skin and wound, conducive to drainage, improve the survival rate of reverse skin grafting and improve the function of lower limb joints.

Clinical characteristics of human cytomegalovirus and polyomavirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To explore clinical characteristics of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and polyomavirus (BKV and JCV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods Clinical data of 53 patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT from June 2016 to December 2017 were collected.HCMV, BKV and JCV loads in patients' peripheral blood and urine were monitored once a week from day 1 to day 100 after transplantation.Incidence, occurrence time, clinical manifestations, and risk factors of viral infection were analyzed.Results A total of 51 patients had viral infection, infection rate was 96.23％.HCMV, BKV, and JCV infection rates were 54.72％ (29/53), 77.36％ (41/53), and 28.30％ (15/53) respectively.Incidences of pulmonary infection, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), and hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) were 54.72％, 58.49％, and 20.75％respectively.Analysis on risk factors showed that aGVHD (OR, 24.61[95％ CI, 2.30-46.24]), pretreatment with total body irradiation (TBI) (OR, 33.39[95％ CI, 1.57-79.13]), and use of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (OR, 24.77[95％ CI, 1.16-52.58]) were independent risk factors affecting HCMV.Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) coincidence (OR, 0.003[95％ CI, 0.00-0.10]) could reduce the risk of HCMV viruria;pretreatment with TBI (OR, 15.10[95％ CI, 1.14-39.27]) was an independent risk factor for BKV viruria, compatible blood group of donor and recipient (OR, 0.07[95％ CI, 0.01-0.64]) could reduce the risk of BKV viruria.Conclusion HCMV and polyomavirus infection in blood and urine of recipient should be monitored as soon as possible after transplantation, so as to prevent and reduce complications in time.

Chloride channel involved in the regulation of curcumin-induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells

Objective:To investigate the role of ClC-3 chloride channel in the proliferation of breast cancer cell line Mcf-7 treated with curcumin and its specific mechanism.Methods:MTT assay was used to detect the effect of chloride channel blocker (DIDS) and curcumin on Mcf-7 and human normal cell viability. Patch-clamp technique was used to determine the current density before and after drug treatment. Apoptosis assay by flow cytometry was performed for further examination of cell apoptosis.Results:Curcumin had toxicity on Mcf-7 and HUVEC cells and DIDS reduced the survival rate of Mcf-7 cells by inhibiting proliferation. Curcumin could activate the chloride ion current on MCF-7 cell membrane, which would be inhibited by DIDS. Finally, curcumin in low concentration combined with DIDS could significantly promote the MCF-7 cells apoptosis.Conclusions:Our results suggest that ClC-3 protein is involved in the regulation of curcumin induced proliferation inhibiting in breast cancer cells through inducing cell apoptosis. ClC-3 may be a potential target of tumor therapy.

Meta analysis of unilateral condylar replacement and high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#Meta-analysis was used to compare the clinical efficacy of high tibial osteotomy(HTO) and unicondylar arthroplasty (UKA) in the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis (MIOA) and provide a better surgical choice for patients with MIOA.@*METHODS@#The Cochrane Library (Issue 6, 2017), PubMed, Ovid, ELSIVE, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched by a computer. Literatures on HTO and UKA for MIOA from January 1, 1970 to June 30, 2017, including complications, knee joint score, knee mobility, revision rate and excellent and good rate, were searched and screened out according to the inclusion criteria, and strict quality evaluation was carried out. RevMan 5.0 software provided by Cochrane collaboration network was used to conduct the meta-analysis of the included research results and to test the heterogeneity of the data.@*RESULTS@#Total 13 articles met the inclusion criteria, and the total sample size was 1 043. Among them, 462 were HTO treatment group and 581 were UKA treatment group. By comparison between HTO treatment group and UKA treatment group, there were significant differences in the contralateral deterioration rate[WMD=3.21, 95%CI(1.13, 9.10)], pre-operative knee range of motion[WMD=6.55, 95%CI(1.44, 11.66)], Lysholm knee score[WMD=-3.15, 95%CI(-4.77, -1.53)], complications[WMD=2.78, 95%CI(1.52, 5.11], revision rate[WMD=1.81, 95%CI(1.17, 2.80)], the rate of excellent and good[WMD=0.49, 95%CI(0.30, 0.80)], and femorotibial angle changes[WMD=-2.37, 95%CI, (-3.63, -1.11)](0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Based on the limited data, high tibial osteotomy is a better choice for the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis in the comparison of short and medium-term clinical outcomes, and long-term clinical outcomes may need further study.

Enhancement-perfusion therapy by extracorporeal circulation system ameliorates the blood supply of ischemic lower limbs / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: In the preliminary study, extracorporeal circulation system simulated physiological environment has been applied in limb preservation, significantly prolonging the severed limb preserving time. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of enhancement-perfusion by extracorporeal circulation system on the blood supply of ischemic lower limbs. METHODS: Eighteen adult Bama mini pigs were equally randomized into three groups: group A (no intervention), groups B and C (establishing the ischemic model by arteria cruralis ligation at the right posterior lower limb). At 4 weeks after modeling, the model pigs in the group C received enhancement-perfusion therapy 1 hour per day. One week later, the situations of angiography were detected by digital radiography. The tibialis anterior separated from each pig was used to test the microvessel density by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the skeletal muscle and serum samples were monitored by western blot and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both diameter and distal collateral circulation of the arteria cruralis in the group C were much better than those in the group B. The microvessel density in the group C was significantly higher than that in the group B (P < 0.05), but the insignificant difference between groups A and C was found (P > 0.05). Both histionic and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor were significantly increased in the groups B and C compared with the group A, especially in the group C (P < 0.05). In summary, the enhancement-perfusion therapy by extracorporeal circulation system can considerably ameliorate blood supply of lower limbs, providing a promising method for treatment of ischemic lower limbs.

Theoretical Analysis of Prevention and Treatment of Around-adolescence Women with IGT Type PCOS by Wenshen Huatan Prescription Combined with Food Exchange / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]The purpose of this study is to provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of PCOS in around-adolescence period through the cooperation of Wenshen Huatan prescription and food exchange. [Methods]By referring to and sorting out the related literatures, combined with clinical practice, this paper discusses how to form a specific plan of prevention and treatment of around -adolescence PCOS complicated with IGT by Wenshen Huatan prescription and food exchange. [Results]Food exchange can scientifically control diet, combined with kidney-warming and phlegm-Tiaojing, spleen phlegm, which has a remarkable effect on the treatment of around-adolescence PCOS complicated with IGT, such as improving clinical symptoms, shortening the menstrual cycle, improving endocrine disorders and insulin resistance.[Conclusion]It is significant for patients with IGT-type PCOS around-adolescence by the exchange of food with Wenshen Huatan prescription combined with diet intervention, which provides a new train of thought for clinical research.

Chloride channel involved in the regulation of curcumin-induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells

Objective: To investigate the role of ClC-3 chloride channel in the proliferation of breast cancer cell line Mcf-7 treated with curcumin and its specific mechanism. Methods: MTT assay was used to detect the effect of chloride channel blocker (DIDS) and curcumin on Mcf-7 and human normal cell viability. Patch-clamp technique was used to determine the current density before and after drug treatment. Apoptosis assay by flow cytometry was performed for further examination of cell apoptosis. Results: Curcumin had toxicity on Mcf-7 and HUVEC cells and DIDS reduced the survival rate of Mcf-7 cells by inhibiting proliferation. Curcumin could activate the chloride ion current on MCF-7 cell membrane, which would be inhibited by DIDS. Finally, curcumin in low concentration combined with DIDS could significantly promote the MCF-7 cells apoptosis. Conclusions: Our results suggest that ClC-3 protein is involved in the regulation of curcumin induced proliferation inhibiting in breast cancer cells through inducing cell apoptosis. ClC-3 may be a potential target of tumor therapy.

Identification of a new 3.8kb deletional α thalassemia and detection of the deletion fragment / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the identification of a novel 3.8-kb deletion that caused α thalassemia and establish the method for detecting the deletion fragment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood samples were collected from the proband and his mother for analysis of the hematological parameters and routine test for thalassemia genes. For the sample with an inconsistency between the genotyping results and phenotypic analysis results, a specific gap-PCR was employed to identify the rare or novel mutations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A novel 3814-bp deletion causing α thalassemia was found in the proband and his mother, who had genotypes of -α4.2/-α3.8 and αα/-α3.8, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We identified a 3.8-kb deletion in the α-globin gene cluster that caused α thalassemia, and this finding enriches the α thalassemia gene mutation spectrum. Specific gap-PCR offers a convenient and efficient means for for detecting this deletion fragment.</p>

Atractylenolide Ⅰ protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation by anti-inflammatory and anticoagulation effect

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether atractylenolide Ⅰ (ATL-Ⅰ) has protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in vivo and in vitro, and explore whether NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in ATL-Ⅰ treatment.@*METHODS@#New Zealand white rabbits were injected with LPS through marginal ear vein over a period of 6 h at a rate of 600 μg/kg (10 mL/h). Similarly, in the treatment groups, 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 mg/kg ATL-Ⅰ were given. Both survival rate and organ function were tested, including the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and TNF-α were examined by ELISA. Also hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters in serum were measured. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were administered with control, LPS, LPS + ATL-Ⅰ and ATL-Ⅰ alone, and TNF-α, phosphorylation (P)-IκBα, phosphorylation (P)-NF-κB (P65) and NF-κB (P65) were determined by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The administration of LPS resulted in 73.3% mortality rate, and the increase of serum TNF-α, BUN and ALT levels. When ATL-Ⅰ treatment significantly increased the survival rate of LPS-induced DIC model, also improved the function of blood coagulation. And protein analysis indicated that ATL-I remarkably protected liver and renal as decreasing TNF-α expression. In vitro, ATL-I obviously decreased LPS-induced TNF-α production and the expression of P-NF-κB (P65), with the decrease of P-IκBα.@*CONCLUSIONS@#ATL-Ⅰ has protective effect on LPS-induced DIC, which can elevate the survival rate, reduce organ damage, improve the function of blood coagulation and suppress TNF-α expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Atractylenolide protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation by anti-inflammatory and anticoagulation effect

Objective To investigate whether atractylenolide (ATL-) has protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in vivo and in vitro, and explore whether NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in ATL- treatment. Methods New Zealand white rabbits were injected with LPS through marginal ear vein over a period of 6 h at a rate of 600 μg/kg (10 mL/h). Similarly, in the treatment groups, 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 mg/kg ATL- were given. Both survival rate and organ function were tested, including the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and TNF-α were examined by ELISA. Also hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters in serum were measured. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were administered with control, LPS, LPS + ATL- and ATL- alone, and TNF-α, phosphorylation (P)-IκBα, phosphorylation (P)-NF-κB (P65) and NF-κB (P65) were determined by Western blot. Results The administration of LPS resulted in 73.3% mortality rate, and the increase of serum TNF-α, BUN and ALT levels. When ATL- treatment significantly increased the survival rate of LPS-induced DIC model, also improved the function of blood coagulation. And protein analysis indicated that ATL-I remarkably protected liver and renal as decreasing TNF-α expression. In vitro, ATL-I obviously decreased LPS-induced TNF-α production and the expression of P-NF-κB (P65), with the decrease of P-IκBα. Conclusions ATL- has protective effect on LPS-induced DIC, which can elevate the survival rate, reduce organ damage, improve the function of blood coagulation and suppress TNF-α expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Adipogenic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow, umbilical cord and adipose tissue are different / 中国实验血液学杂志

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be obtained from many sources, and there are differences between them. This study was purposed to compare and analyze the basic biological characteristics of umbilical cord, adipose tissue-and bone marrow-derived MSC (UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs). The MSCs were isolated from umbilical cord, adipose tissue and bone marrow were cultured; the morphology of UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs was observed by using microscopy; the immunophenotype, differentiation potential and expression of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) mRNA were detected by using flow cytometry, differentiation test (von kossais and 0:1 red O staining) and quantitative fluorescent PCR, respectively. The results showed that the UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs displayed similar morphology under confocal microscope after being stained with rhodamine phalloidin and DAPL. The immunophenotypes of these three originated cells conform to coincide with identification criterion for MSCs, and showed similar expression level. During adipogenic induction the adipogenic potential of these MSCs was different, AD-MSCs exhibited the highest adipogenic potential, UC-MSCs displayed the lowest, while potential of BM-MSCs get between; however, the osteogenic differentiation potential of UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs was similar. The PCR detection showed that the expression level of PPAR-γ mRNA was the highest in AD-MSCs and the lowest in UC-MSCs, while expression level in BM-MSCs get between, these results were identical with the adipogenic potential, suggest that the difference of adipogenic potential in 3 kinds of MSCs was associated with basic expression level of PPAR-γ mRNA. It is concluded that UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs exhibit similar morphology, the immunophenotypes of these MSCs coincide with identification criterion for MSCs, the osteogenic potential of these MSCs is similar, while the adipogenic potential and the expression level of PPAR-γ mRNA are different. The difference-associated mechanisms need to further study.

Isolation and biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human placenta decidua basalis / 中国实验血液学杂志

Comparing to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), placenta-derived MSCs have the advantages of adequate sources, low immunogenicity, little risk of viral contamination, and no ethical controversy, and thus possess a better prospect for clinical application. Placental tissue not only includes chorionic and amniotic, but also contains decidua basalis which locate in the maternal placenta surface. The biological characteristics of MSCs isolated from decidua basalis have not been well studied. This study was aimed to investigate the biologic characteristics of placenta decidua basalis-derived MSC from placenta decidua basalis (DB) by enzymatic digestion. Short tandem repeats (STR) test was used to identify the cells derived from the maternal placenta surface. Growth rate of decidua basalis mesenchymal stem cells (DB-MSC) was measured by MTT. Cell cycle and cell phenotype were detected by flow cytometry. Inducing differentiation was used to evaluate multipotency of DB-MSC. For testing the immunosuppression of DB-MSC, they were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and then IFN-γ in the co-cultured media was quantified by ELISA. The results showed that the cells were derived from the maternal placenta by STR analysis. DB-MSC showed typical fibroblast morphology in the culture and were positive for the MSC surface markers: CD90, CD73, CD105, CD44 and negative for CD45, CD11b, and CD34. DB-MSC underwent osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in inducing medium. DB-MSC could inhibit the secretion of IFN-γ by PBMNC. It is concluded that the cells are isolated from placenta decidua basalis and possess the basic characteristics of MSC. DB-MSC can be an important maternal autologous MSC and may be a safe and effective treatment for immune system diseases, which makes the DB-MSC as an important source of autologous MSC from mother. DB-MSC can be safely for the treatment of the mother's immune system diseases.

Long term in-vitro expansion reduces immune modulation function of placental chorionic villi mesenchymal stem cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

The main aim of this study was to investigate the biological activities and immune modulation changes of chorionic villi mesenchymal stem cells (CV-MSC) after long term culture. The morphology of the CV-MSC of passage 3 and passage 9 were observed by microscopy, and their phenotypes were detected by flow cytometry. CV-MSC of passage 3 and 9 were co-cultured with PHA-stimulated PBMNC, and IFN-γ concentration in culture medium was detected by ELISA. The mRNA expression of COX-2, HGF and HLA-G in CV-MSC were detected by real-time PCR. The results showed that after long term culture, the CV-MSC kept the MSC morphology and most of the phenotypes including CD31, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD62L, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD117, CD151, CD235a, CD271 and HLA-DR, while the CD49d was significantly up-regulated. Immune modulation ability of CV-MSC was reduced and the mRNA expression of COX-2 and HGF was down regulated after long term culture, but the expression of HLA-G did not found to be obvious change. It is concluded that the long term in vitro expansion changes the expression of CD49d and reduces immune modulation of CV-MSC.

Effects of different mechanical ventilation methods on morphology of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium cell in newborn piglets with acute lung injury / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of 3 different ventilation methods,including conventional mechanical ventilation(CMV),high-frequency oscillatory ventilation(HFOV) and partial liquid ventilation(PLV),on the morphology of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium cell (ACE Ⅱ) of newborn piglet with acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Twenty-four less than 3-day-old newborn piglets were enrolled.After ALI was established with saline lavage (38 ℃,0.035 L/kg),newborn piglets were randomly assigned to 4 study groups:control group(n =6,no ventilation),CMV group(n =6),HFOV group(n =6),and PLV group(n =6,38 ℃,0.018 L/kg).Piglets in the 4 groups were sacrificed after being ventilated for 24 hours,and the number,area,density of fluorescence of ACE Ⅱ were detected.Results Through 24 hours mechanical ventilation,the numbers of ACE Ⅱ in CMV group,HFOV group and PLV group remained were 30 ± 5,52 ± 5,81 ± 7,respectively,while areas of fluorescence were 340.40 ± 47.50,329.69 ± 124.50,295.55 ± 109.30,respectively,and there were significant differences among the 3 groups,and the population mean of density of fluorescence had significant difference among the 3 groups.The number of ACE Ⅱ remains was lowest in CMV group compared with HFOV group(P =0.026) and PLV group (P =0.000),and the density of fluorescence of ACE Ⅱ was lowest in CMV group compared with HFOV group (P =0.001) and PLV group (P =0.002).Conclusions Different mechanical ventilations have various effects for ACE Ⅱ,and CMV is the most harmful mechanical ventilation on ACE Ⅱ,while PLV is the least harmful.

Effects of mechanical ventilation method on inflammatory factors and pulmonary surfactant associated protein A of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in newborn piglets with acute lung injury / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of 3 different ventilation methods,including conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV),high frequency oscillatory ventilation(HFOV) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV),on the changes of inflammatory factors and pulmonary surfactant associated protein A (SP-A) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in newborn piglets with acute lung injury(ALI).Methods Twenty-four newborn piglets,no more than 3 days old,were enrolled.After ALI made with saline lavage(38 ℃,35 mL/kg),newborn piglets were randomly assigned to 4 groups:control group (n =6,no ventilation),CMV group(n =6),HFOV group(n =6),and PLV group(n =6).Piglets were sacrificed after being ventilated for 24 h.Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-8 (IL-8),interleukin-1 (IL-1) and SP-A in BALF were measured quantitatively by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results In 3 groups using different ventilation methods,the population mean of TNF-o,IL-8,IL-1 and SP-A were statistically different (all P =0.000).SP-A in PLV group and HFOV group were higher than that in CMV group (all P ＜ 0.05),while IL-8,IL-1 and TNF-α in PLV group were lower than those in CMV group (all P ＜ 0.05),IL-8 and TNF-α in PLV group were lower than those in HFOV group (all P ＜ 0.05),IL-8 and TNF-α in HFOV group were lower than those in CMV group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Pulmonary inflammatory reaction was different in 3 ventilation groups.Compared with CMV and HFOV,PLV attenuated inflammatory reaction,so it could increase the expression of SP-A and decrease the degradation of SP-A.

Mechanisms involved in the cytotoxic effects of berberine on human colon cancer HCT-8 cells

Berberine, a constituent of some traditional Chinese medicinal plants, has been reported to have cytotoxicity effects on different human cancer cell lines. There is no available information about the effects and mechanism of action of berberine on human colon cancer cell line HCT-8. In this paper, the cytotoxicity of berberine on HCT-8 cancer cells was investigated by MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. Our data revealed that berberine could significantly inhibit the growth of HCT-8 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Morphology of apoptotic cells was studied with acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. The concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase and both acid and alkaline phosphatases were significantly increased in cell supernatants after berberine treatment, suggesting cell death. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that berberine could arrest HCT-8 cells at S phase in a time-dependent manner. To further investigate the apoptotic molecular mechanism, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting methods were used. The up-regulated mRNA and/or protein expressions of Fas, FasL, TNF-a, caspase-3 and down-regulation of pro-caspase-3 suggest that the death receptor pathway may be involved in the apoptotic pathway induced by berberine. Decrease of Bcl-2 and increase of Bax in mRNA and/or protein expressions showed that the Bcl-2 family proteins were involved in berberine-induced apoptosis. We also found that berberine-induced apoptosis was associated with an up-regulated expressions of p53 and prohibitin (PHB), and decreased vimentin expression. These results suggest that berberine can suppress cell growth and reduce cell survival by arresting the cell-cycle and by inducing apoptosis of HCT-8 cells.